The educational principle in Gramsci: contributions to the teaching of philosophy

Abstract

This article aims to point out the philosophy of praxis as a founding link between the pedagogical principle of Antonio Gramsci and the practice of teaching philosophy. In this process, we place the teaching of philosophy in the Brazilian educational and school context and propose, as a dialogic way, to link the practice of teaching philosophy to the contribution of a philosophical-educational perspective based on Gramscian thinking, using the concepts of education, school and teaching present in the author's works. We emphasize that the philosophy of praxis is the founding link between Gramsci's pedagogical principle and the practice of teaching philosophy; what presupposes the dialectical and necessary correlation of theory and practice, unifying and making possible a more critical path for the process of forming a new culture with a view to more critical and active worldviews; which includes a political project that considers the school as an ideological instrument of the superstructure. The investigation, with a qualitative approach, constitutes a research of bibliographic review of the contributions of gramscian theory to the teaching of philosophy, considered as an ontological conception of the teacher subject, and as curricular content that composes the history of philosophy. Both approaches trigger the field of ideologies, either as a conception of the world of the teacher who works in this area, or as a conceptual field of the history of philosophy. In this sense, the philosophy of praxis is committed to commit itself to the re-elaboration and socialization of the existing truths, which until then were restricted to certain groups and to an eminently theoretical formation.