School for all and for each one: proposal of synthesis between collective plan and individualized plan

Abstract

The guarantee of access in non-restrictive school environments, with equal opportunities, is one of the premises of the inclusion politics. Such guarantee, according to the vygotskyan perspective, can be also taken as alternative to development, considering that the school is the environment whose practices can culminate in learning of disable students. Vygotsky lived in a different cultural and historical context, but his theory principles concerning the disabled people development could be guiding to an inclusive school proposal. The present article was instigated by the vygotskyan proposition of dialectic synthesis between the standard education and the specialized education, highlighting the collaborative work in inclusive school. It aims a proposal of synthesis between the individualized planning and the collective planning, organized, respectively, in proposals as the Individualized Education Plan (IEP) and the Universal Design for Learning (UDL). It is configured as a theoretic essay that searches approaches between Vygotsky works and the education organization forms in the inclusive perspective. Rather than polarizing the different education planning designs, it comprises the potential of a collaborative planning proposal, that aggregates both the collective (such as the UDL) and the individualized (such as the IEP) in order to construct synthesis that overcome limitations, preserving the nature of each one of these methodological approaches. Therefore, we present planning guidelines, from a collaborative perspective, that is collective and individualized, as construction of the dialectical synthesis.