Efeito antimicrobiano e inibição da formação de biofilme por ácidos fenólicos em isolados de Klebsiella pneumoniae multirresistentes em um Hospital Público de Pernambuco, Brasil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18593/evid.34023Palavras-chave:
Ação antimicrobiana, Biofilme, Compostos Fenólicos, Enterobactérias, Klebsiella pneumoniaeResumo
Klebsiella pneumoniae é considerada uma espécie de patógeno oportunista relacionada a diversos casos de infecções associadas, tanto à assistência à saúde quanto adquiridas na comunidade, mundialmente e principalmente no Brasil. Inúmeros estudos têm demonstrado que metabólitos secundários, isolados têm, como os ácidos fenólicos, o potencial de atuar contra este problema. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar o potencial inibitório do crescimento e formação de biofilme associados aos ácidos fenólicos em isolados clínicos de K. pneumoniae Multidroga Resistente e Extensivamente droga resistente (MDR/XDR-KP). Foram utilizados quatro isolados clínicos provenientes de um hospital público de Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil, e uma cepa padrão sensível foram utilizados. A identificação inicial das amostras foi feita através dos equipamentos de automação VITEK®2 e BD-PhoenixTM 100, bem como a caracterização do perfil de resistência. Posteriormente as amostras foram confirmadas pela técnica de MALDI-TOF/MS. E para a avaliação da capacidade de formação de biofilme foi empregado o método do Cristal Violeta. Para avaliação das atividades antimicrobianas e antiformação de biofilme foram utilizados 4 ácidos fenólicos (gálico, trans-ferúlico, cafeico e 4-hidroxibenzóico). Os isolados tiveram sua identidade confirmada para espécie K. pneumoniae com MALDI-TOF/MS score variando entre 2.459-2.083. As amostras apresentaram perfis de resistência tanto MDR quanto XDR, e formadores de biofilme; porém com intensidades diferentes. Dentre todos os compostos testados, os ácidos cafeico e trans-ferúlico foram mais eficazes, com valores de inibição de crescimento e biofilme de 70-85% e 70-90% utilizando a concentração de 2 mg/mL, respetivamente. Diante dos resultados observou-se que os ácidos fenólicos, apresentaram grande potencial de impacto tanto no crescimento bacteriano quanto na capacidade de formação de biofilme dos isolados clínicos MDR/XDR-KP. Assim, leva-nos a reconhecer o uso de ácidos fenólicos como uma possível alternativa no combate a infecções causadas por espécies bacterianas MDRs e XDRs e formadoras de biofilme.
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