Perfil clínico-epidemiológico e espacial da hanseníase em uma região de saúde, na Amazônia Brasileira

Edlainny Araujo Ribeiro; Monique Valéria de Lima Carvalhal; Beatriz Alves Ferraz; Anita Gabrielle Ferreira  Teodoro

doi:10.18593/evid.32890

Authors

Edlainny Araujo Ribeiro Faculdade de Ensino Superior da Amazônia Reunida https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6935-3400
Monique Valéria de Lima Carvalhal Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho
Beatriz Alves Ferraz Faculdade de Ensino Superior da Amazônia Reunida https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7904-1109
Anita Gabrielle Ferreira Teodoro Faculdade de Ensino Superior da Amazônia Reunida https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6862-7104

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18593/evid.32890

Keywords:

Epidemiological monitoring, Geographic mapping, Health strategies, Leprosy, One health

Abstract

Introduction: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae prevalent in Brazil. In order for there to be a holistic resolution of this problem, it is necessary to consider the precepts of One Health. Objective: To determine the clinical-epidemiological and spatial profile of leprosy in a health region in the Amazon between 2012 and 2022. Materials and Methods: This is an ecological analytical study, which uses data from public databases, through analysis of sociodemographic and clinical variables from 15 municipalities in the Araguaia health region. To understand the data, descriptive and inferential statistics were applied, as well as geographic mapping. Results: During the study period, 4346 cases of leprosy were analyzed in the health region analyzed, the municipality with the highest number of cases was Redenção-PA with 22.6%. Furthermore, it was observed that the cases were concentrated in men, adults, mixed race and with low education. Furthermore, the most prevalent clinical form was Dimorfa, 51.9%, the multibacillary classification, 79.3% and the most used therapeutic regimen was multibacillary multidrug therapy with twelve doses, 78%. Other important observations were the low adherence to smear microscopy, a reduction in the number of cases from 2020 onwards and few records in the indigenous population. Conclusion: Therefore, it is noted that there is a need to expand leprosy surveillance and control measures, with an emphasis on diagnosis, tracking and notification of cases, in order to obtain essential information for the development of assertive local strategies, which aim to control, mitigate cases and reduce damage to the health of affected individuals.

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Author Biographies

Edlainny Araujo Ribeiro, Faculdade de Ensino Superior da Amazônia Reunida

Professora e orientadora nos cursos de Biomedicina, Medicina e Enfermagem na instituição de ensino FESAR (2016-atual). Coordenadora do curso de Biomedicina (12/2019-01/2022). Biomédica (responsável pelo setor de microbiologia clínica) no Hospital Regional Público do Araguaia (média e alta complexidade)- Detecção fenotípica de patógenos com a utilização de métodos manuais e semiautomáticos, detecção de mecanismos de resistência como produção de carbapenemases (03/2018 -03/2021). Biomédica no laboratório hospital Santa Mônica (2016 a 2018). Possui graduação em Biomedicina (Patologia clínica/ Análises clínicas) pela Faculdade de Ensino Superior da Amazônia Reunida (2015). Especialista em Microbiologia Clínica pela Academia de Ciência e Tecnologia de São José do Rio Preto (2017). Mestre em Ciências Ambientais e Saúde (Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás- 2019). Atualmente é aluna de doutorado do programa de pós-graduação em infectologia pela Universidade Federal de São Paulo.

Monique Valéria de Lima Carvalhal, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho

Doutorado em Zootecnia - Produção Animal (Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho); Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho

Beatriz Alves Ferraz, Faculdade de Ensino Superior da Amazônia Reunida

Graduanda do curso de Medicina; Faculdade de Ensino Superior da Amazônia Reunida

Anita Gabrielle Ferreira Teodoro , Faculdade de Ensino Superior da Amazônia Reunida

Graduanda do curso de Medicina; Faculdade de Ensino Superior da Amazônia Reunida

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