Caracterização biológica de Photorhabdus spp. e avaliação da ação inseticida e antibiótica de suspensões celulares e extratos.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18593/evid.35261Palavras-chave:
Nematoides entomopatogênicos, Enterobacteriaceae, Heterorhabditidae, SimbioseResumo
Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar cepas bacterianas simbióticas isoladas de nematoides entomopatogênicos (EPN) e estudar propriedades inseticidas e antimicrobianas de suspensões celulares e de extratos. As cepas bacterianas foram identificadas pela amplificação do rDNA 16S, confirmando três cepas como Photorhabdus luminescens (P05, P06 e L08) e uma como Photorhabdus asymbiotica (P04). A atividade inseticida das cepas foi avaliada pela inoculação direta na hemolinfa de três espécies de insetos lepidópteros e, em seguida, as duas cepas mais eficazes foram inoculadas em diferentes concentrações ao longo do tempo contra larvas de Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Todas as cepas foram altamente patogênicas e virulentas para as espécies de insetos, resultando em taxas de mortalidade que variaram de 85% a 100. Sobre as concentrações de inóculo, P04 e L08 exibiram diferentes padrões de virulência, com P04 causando mortalidade mais rápida nas larvas de G. mellonella. Todas as cepas de Photorhabdus spp. em suspensão celular apresentaram atividade antibiótica positiva contra alvos bacterianos e uma têm efeito antifúngico. A atividade antibiótica e inseticida dos extratos (metabólitos secundários) também foi objeto de investigação, mas não foram observadas propriedades inseticidas dos extratos. No entanto, o extrato L08 apresentou atividade antimicrobiana contra Staphylococcus aureus, enquanto o extrato P04 apresentou propriedades fungicidas. Esses resultados destacam o potencial biotecnológico dessas cepas para estudos futuros.
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