Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (Glomeromycota) in the Alter do Chão Savanna, Pará, Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18593/evid.37128Keywords:
Paraense Amazon, Mycorrhizal symbiosis, TaxonomyAbstract
Abstract: Knowledge about the diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) in the Amazon region of Pará is limited, especially in the savanna environments of Pará, where data are nonexistent. Here, the first list of FMA taxa for the Amazonian savannah of Pará is presented, where the families found have been described morphologically, and some ecological aspects are presented. Rhizosphere soil was collected in October 2020 from ten distinct points within the Alter do Chão savanna, located in Santarém, Pará, at a depth of 0 to 20 cm. Part of the soil was allocated for chemical analysis, while another portion was used for spore extraction of AMF. The spores were quantified and prepared for identification, with taxa determined based on relative abundance (RA), isolated frequency (IF), and Shannon Index (H’). An average spore density of approximately 17 spores per gram was observed, with diversity distributed across four orders and ten families. Gigaspora and Glomerales were the most representative orders, while Glomeraceae and Racocetraceae were the most frequently encountered families (RA = 0.35 and H’ = 0.17). Rarer taxa, such as Archaeosporaceae and Entrophosporaceae, were also detected (IF = 0.08 and 0.06, respectively). The acidic soil, high aluminum content, and low nutrient concentrations, particularly phosphorus, may have contributed to the high spore density and the diversity of AMF in the Amazonian savanna of Pará.
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