Phenotypic and genotypic resistance profile of enterobacteria isolated from broiler chickens classified according to their zootechnical performance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18593/evid.36183Keywords:
Cephalosporin resistance, Enterobacteriaceae, E. coli, GenesAbstract
Chicken meat production has great potential due to its low cost and rapid availability. However, the indiscriminate use of antimicrobials during its production has contributed to the emergence of resistant strains, justifying the search for alternative additives. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance profile, the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains, and the cephalosporin resistance gene profile in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from broiler chickens. Twenty cloacal swab samples were collected from chickens from chickens raised on poultry farms of producers classified as having good (A) and low (B) zootechnical performance. The disk diffusion test was used to test antimicrobial susceptibility, testing antimicrobials from the beta-lactam, quinolone and other classes, and the double disk synergistic test was used to identify ESBL-producing strains. Isolates positive for ESBL were submitted to evaluation for the presence of genes (blaCTX-M1, blaCTX-M2, blaCTX-M9 and blaCTX-M25). It was found that only one isolate of enterobacteria (producer A) was sensitive to all antimicrobials. The beta-lactam class showed the highest percentage of resistance, and 52.9% of the E. coli isolates were positive for ESBL production. However, in producer A there was a predominance of the blaCTX-M1 and blaSHV genes. While in producer B, higher percentages were found for blaCTX-M1 and blaCTX-M2. It is noteworthy that no isolate presented the blaCTX-M9 and blaCTX-M25 genes. It is concluded that enterobacteria isolated from cloacal swabs of broiler chickens present a resistance profile to different antimicrobials, mainly from the β-lactam class, carrying one or more ESBL genes.
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