Plantas de Zea mays L. em estresse hídrico são beneficiadas por fungos Micorrízicos Arbusculares nativos da Savana paraense, Brasil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18593/evid.37329Palavras-chave:
Amazônia, Déficit hídrico, segurança alimentarResumo
O milho (Zea mays L.) é uma cultura de importância socioeconômica no mundo devido ao uso na alimentação humana e animal. No entanto, assim como outros vegetais, o déficit hídrico afeta seu rendimento, problema que pode ser minimizado com a inoculação de Fungos Micorrízicos Arbusculares (FMA). Portanto, objetivou-se avaliar a influência dos FMA, oriundos da Savana de Alter-do-Chão, no crescimento e parâmetros bioquímicos das plantas de milho submetidos a dois regimes de irrigação. Para isso, as mudas de milho foram submetidas a dois tratamentos, um contendo 200 g de inóculo (CI) e outro na ausência do inóculo (SI). As análises de crescimento ocorreram em dois períodos, no primeiro, entre os dias 16 e 32 as plantas estavam sob condições de irrigação adequada, no segundo, entre os dias 32 e 40, a irrigação foi suspensa no trigésimo segundo dia. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, conduzido em casa de vegetação localizada na Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Santarém, PA – Brasil e observados por 40 dias. Foram analisadas as Taxas de Crescimento Absoluto (TCA) e Taxas de crescimento Relativo (TCR) em dois regimes hídricos. Parâmetros bioquímicos foram analisados a partir da leitura dos pigmentos foliares e quantificação dos teores de Açúcar Solúvel Total (AST) e Açúcar Não redutor (ANR). A TCR foi superior nas plantas com FMA, cerca de 150% e 33% para o primeiro e segundo período de análise, já a TCA foi cerca de 2X maior nas plantas com FMA, ademais o índice do balanço de nitrogênio, clorofila, flavonoides e antocianinas foi em média 20% superior nas plantas com FMA em relação às plantas sem FMA. Além disso, os teores de AST e ANR foram influenciados nas folhas, onde os maiores níveis foram identificados principalmente durante o crescimento inicial das plantas sob irrigação.
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